Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) is a water-soluble polymer that has many uses in industry, food processing, agriculture, and waste management. It's often used as a flocculant in water treatment, such as in municipal waste water treatment plants (MWWTPs) for sludge dewatering. CPAM can also enhance electro-osmotic flow in pressurized vertical electro-osmotic dewatering (PVEOD) to improve sludge dewaterability.